母乳中脂肪酸含量的动态变化

THE DYNAMIC CHANGES OF THE FATTY ACID COPOSITION IN HUMAN MILK

采用气相色谱法测定了足月顺产儿乳母不同泌乳期及一次喂奶时前、中、后段乳中脂肪酸含量。结果显示：随泌乳期的延长及一次喂奶时从前段、中段至后段，母乳中脂肪酸的绝对含量逐渐增加。初乳中饱和脂肪酸百分含量较低，不饱和脂肪酸百分含量较高，尤其是长链多不饱和脂肪酸含量丰富。中链脂肪酸（Ｃ８０、Ｃ１００、Ｃ１２０、Ｃ１４０）和单不饱和脂肪酸（Ｃ１６１）百分含量随泌乳期延长而升高，而长链饱和脂肪酸（Ｃ１６０、Ｃ１８０、Ｃ２００）和单不饱和脂肪酸（Ｃ１４１、Ｃ１８１）百分含量逐渐下降。母乳中长链多不饱和脂肪酸花生四烯酸（Ｃ２０４ω６）和二十二碳六烯酸（Ｃ２２６ω３）百分含量随泌乳期延长而显著下降。一次喂奶时的前、中和后段乳汁中脂肪酸的百分组成没有差异。与国外资料比，本研究母乳中亚油酸（Ｃ１８２ω６）和α－亚麻酸（Ｃ１８３ω３）含量较高，而软脂酸（Ｃ１６０）和硬脂酸（Ｃ１８０）含量较低。应大力提倡母乳喂养，且应充分利用初乳。

Using gas chromatography, the fatty acid (FA) composition of human milk was ana lysed at different periods of lactation and in foremilk,midmilk and hindmilk during nursing.The results indicated that with the progress of lactation,the absolute contents of all FA in milk increased.The colostrum was characterized by a lower SFA, a higher UFA, particularly a higher LCP,UFA.With the progress of lactation, the % (C8∶0,C10∶0,C12∶0,C14∶0)and C16∶1 increased, while the % C16∶0,C18∶0,C20∶0 and C14∶1,C18∶1 decreased.The % C20∶4ω6 and C22∶6ω3 decreased significantly through lactation. It was also higher in C18∶2ω6 and C18∶3ω3 .So breast feeding should be greatly advocated and human colostrum should be well utilized.