外墙砌块内插保温层形式的热工性能研究

Study on Thermal Characteristics of External Wall Block Inserted with Thermal Insulation Layer

根据国家对建筑节能50%及节材的要求,目前我国夏热冬冷地区在建筑空心砌块内部插放保温层,是采用复合墙体结构来提高建筑围护结构热工性能的典型做法之一,然而,保温层的插放形式在很大程度上影响着空心砌块的热工性能。本文首先运用电路模拟法和热流计法对2种内插保温层空心砌块的热阻进行了理论和试验研究,对比了2种空心砌块内插保温层形式的异同之处,分析了两者的优劣:当肋结构存在时,保温层的存在仅使砌块的热阻提高0.08(m2.K)/W;无肋结构的保温层所在层的热阻是相应有肋结构的5.7倍。其次,根据分析结果提出了改进措施,并通过计算证实了改进措施的有效性,为建筑外墙空心砌块热工性能的改善提供了一条有效的途径。

According to the requests on building energy-saving of 50% and material-saving in China, the hollow building block inserted with thermal insulation layer is one of the typical multiple wall structures, which could be used to improve the thermal characteristics of building envelope in hot summer and cold winter zone. However, the thermal characteristics would be greatly influenced by the insertion form. In this paper, firstly, using the circuit simulation method and heat-flow meter method, thermal resistances of two kinds of hollow building blocks inserted with thermal insulation layer were theoretically and experimentally studied, respectively. The differences of these two insertion forms were found out and the corresponding advantages and disadvantages were analyzed. The results indicated that with the rib structure of the thermal insulation layer, the thermal resistance of block only increased 0.08（m^2·K）/W. Furthermore, the thermal resistance of insulation layer without rib structure was 5.7 times of that With the rib structure. Secondly, the improved strategies base on the analytical results were put forward, and the effective of strategies was validated by the calculation. Therefore, an effective way to improve the thermal characteristics of external wall with hollow building blocks was achieved.