劳动力外流下农村家庭代际支持性别分工研究

Out-migration of Young Adults and Gender Division of Intergenerational Support in Rural China

利用西安交通大学人口与发展研究所2001年、2003年和2006年"安徽省老年人生活福利状况跟踪调查数据",采用随机效应的Logistic模型,从老年父母和成年子女两个角度研究农村老年人家庭代际支持性别分工机制的变化。结果发现,农村老年人家庭代际交换仍然符合合作群体模式,由于不同性别在家庭中的角色和性别分工不同,老年父亲从子女外出中直接获益更多,老年母亲更多地是获得补偿性支持;儿子仍然在家庭养老中承担主要责任,女儿得到老年父母帮助时提供的补偿性支持更多,劳动力外流促使儿子和女儿对老年父母代际支持的性别差异缩小,女儿在家庭养老中的地位和作用显著提高。

Using data from the surveys of “Welfare of Elderly in Anhui Province,China” in 2001 ,in 2003 and in 2006,this paper employs the logistic model to explore the gender division of intergenerational support in rural elderly families. The results show that,older mothers receive more returns which compensate for their supports, while older father benefit more from the out-migration of adult children. While sons take more responsibilities of family support, daughters compensate more for support from their elderly parents. The role and function of daughters in elderly family have been enhanced accompanying out-migration of young a-dults,which suggests that gender differences on intergenerational supports between sons and daughters are reduced.