高速道岔尖轨矫直的有限元分析

FEM Simulation of Straightening Tongue Rail of High-Speed Turnout

采用三维实体有限单元法,建立了高速道岔尖轨矫直有限元模型,为高速道岔尖轨矫直提供理论指导.分析了加载支距、加载方式和加载量对尖轨矫直塑性变形、应力及尖轨线形的影响.结果表明:在加载量相同的情况下,随加载支距增大,尖轨产生的塑性变形减小,尖轨矫直从过量逐渐变为不足;在加载支距相同的情况下,随加载量增大,尖轨产生的塑性变形增大,尖轨矫直从不足逐渐变为过量;采用竖向加载并水平约束轨底两侧的矫直方式能明显改善尖轨的线形.最后,建议尖轨矫直采用大支距、小加载量并约束轨底两侧的方式.

To provide a theoretic reference for straightening the tongue rail of high-speed turnouts, a finite element model for tongue rail was proposed using three dimensional solid finite elements. The effects of loading distance, loading mode and loading value on the plastic deformation, stress and lineshape of tongue rail were analyzed. The research results show that to a given loading value, the plastic deformation of tongue rail decreases with the increase of loading distance, and the straightening value changes gradually from excess to insufficiency; and to a given loading distance, the plastic deformation of tongue rail rises with the increase of loading value, and the straightening value changes gradually from insufficiency to excess. The straigh on rail foot can improve the lineshape of tongue tening mode of vertical loading and lateral constraints rail. As a result, a great loading distance, a small loading value and lateral constraints on rail foot should be adopted in the straightening of tongue rail.