广西城乡居民膳食营养素摄入与代谢综合征的关系

The Study on the Relationship between Nutrients Intake and Metabolic Syndrome in Urban and Rural Residents in Guangxi

目的探讨广西城乡居民膳食营养素摄入水平与代谢综合征的关系,为有针对性提出膳食营养防治策略提供科学依据。方法按照多阶段随机抽样法,分别抽取广西4个城市和4个农村县共3 026名18岁及以上的城乡居民进行调查;采用24 h回顾法进行膳食调查;对调查对象进行体检和血糖、血脂检测。结果被调查居民中代谢综合征(MS)患者107人,患病率为3.54%,其中城市居民MS患病率为5.21%,农村为1.90%,差别有统计学意义(P<0.01)。城市居民MS患者能量、铁营养素摄入与正常人群相比无明显差异,经多因素Logisic回归分析发现,膳食蛋白质(OR=1.256,95%CI:1.042￣1.514)、铁(OR=1.432,95%CI:1.127￣1.820)摄入过多是城市居民MS重要的膳食危险因素,而维生素B2是保护因素(OR=0.712,95%CI:0.590￣0.860);而农村居民MS患者能量、蛋白质、钠、钾、硒和烟酸、维生素B1、维生素B2摄入量均显著高于正常人群,蛋白质(OR=1.854,95%CI:1.435￣2.396)摄入过多是农村居民MS危险因素,而膳食钙(OR=0.612,95%CI:0.398￣0.939)是保护因素。结论膳食营养因素与广西城乡居民发生MS关系密切,膳食蛋白质摄入过多是广西城乡居民MS的危险因素,其他膳食营养因素存在城乡差异;对城乡居民采取针对性膳食营养干预措施将取得更好的防治效果。

Objective To explore the relationship between nutrients intake and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome （MS） in urban and rural residents in Guangxi. Methods 3026 people aged 18 years and above were sampled at random from 4 cities and 4 countries in Guangxi with a multistage stratified sampling. All subjects took the diet investigation with 24-hours review method, medical examination and blood assay. Results 107 subjects （3.54%） suffered from MS, and the prevalence rate in city （5.21%） was significantly higher than that in countryside （1.90%, P〈0.01）. The covariance analysis indicated that there was no obvious difference in nutrients intake between MS patients and with the normal crowds. The Logistic multivariate analysis indicated taking excessively much of protein （OR=1.256, 95%CI：1.042-1.514） and iron （OR=1.432, 95%CI：1.127-1.820）was the important risk factors for MS in the city, while VitB2 was the protective factor（OR=0.712, 95% CI：0.090-0.860） ;The covariance analysis indicated that the intakes of protein, Sodium, Selenium and Niacin in rural MS patients were remarkably higher than those in the normal subjects. The Logistic multivariate analysis indicated that excessive taking protein （OR =1.854, 95% CI： 1.435 -2.396）was the risk factor for MS in rural area, but the diet calcium （OR=0.612, 95% CI：0.398-0.939 ） was the important protective factor. Conclusion The diet nutrients are closely related to the MS in Guangxi. Among them, the excessive diet protein intake is the common risk factor for MS in rural and urban inhabitant in Guangxi, but other diet nutrients have different effects between the city and countryside. So it would be much more effective to take the nutrition intervention to MS in city and countryside to prevent and control MS.