健康教育对COPD患者的自我护理能力和健康行为的影响

The Effects of Self-care Education on Self care Agency and Self-care Behavior in Patients with Asthma

目的:探讨健康教育对COPD患者的自我护理能力和健康行为的影响。方法:本研究采用实验性研究设计,将102例COPD患者随机分为干预组和对照组,对照组患者采用一般的健康教育,对干预组COPD患者进行健康教育主要包括能改善健康知识水平、自我概念、自护责任感和自我护理技能四个方面,干预时间为2个月,干预前后采用个人一般资料调查表、自我护理能力测定量表和健康行为量表四份问卷进行调查。数据采用SPSS10.0软件进行统计分析。结果:健康教育可明显提高COPD患者自我护理能力(P<0.001)、自我护理技能(P<0.001)、自我概念和健康知识水平(P<0.001)。与一般的健康教育相比,健康教育能明显提高COPD患者的健康行为、躯体活动(P<0.001)、心理健康(P<0.001)、人际关系(P<0.001)和压力管理(P<0.001)。结论:健康教育能有效地提高COPD患者的自我护理能力,改善健康行为总分和四个维度。

Objective To explore the effects of self-care education on self-care agency and health behavior in patients with COPD. Methods The study used an experimental design. The 102 patients were randomly allocated to a control or intervention group from Dec., 2003 to Apr., 2004. The patients in the control group received routine nursing care. The intervention group received self-care education which included improvement of self -care ability, self-esteem and health knowledge. The intervention time was two months. Four questionnaires were used for data collection ： a general information sheet of patients, the exercise of Self-care Agency and health behavior questionnaires .The statistical software SPSS for Windows version 10.0 was used for data analysis. Results Self-care education improved self-care agency （P〈0.001）, self-care ability （P〈0.001）, self-esteem and health knowledge （P〈0.001）.Compared with the control group, self-care education were significantly improved health behavior,physical activity （P〈0.001）, spirit health （P〈0.001）, interpersonal relations （P〈0.001）, Stress management （P〈0.001）. Conclusion From the results of this study it can be concluded that Self-care education could improve the self-care agency, enhance health behavior, hpysical activity, soirit health, interpersonal relations. Stress management.