土地征收和出让中不同集团利益取向的理论分析——兼论对耕地保护的影响

A Conceptual Analysis of the Interests of Involving Parties in Land Expropriation and Transfer and the Impacts on Cultivated Land Protection

研究目的:探究中国征地补偿制度、土地出让制度引起的社会问题的经济根源以及这种制度设计对中国耕地保护政策的影响。研究方法:经济分析法和模型分析法。研究结果:说明了当前土地征收和出让过程中失地农民利益保护、低价征地高价出让、高价征地低价出让等现象存在的经济根源;建立了"土地征收—出让市场联动模型",对虚拟"土地征收—出让联动市场"的特征、不同利益集团的价值取向及其对耕地保护政策的影响进行了分析。研究结论:只要政府有以地套利的动机,这个虚拟市场就不可能存在均衡状态,并指出了维持最佳农地转用规模条件下耕地保护的成本,提出了政策建议。

The purpose of this study is to explore the expropriation compensation system, the economic reason of social problems caused by land transfer system, and their impacts on cultivated land protection policies in China. Methods employed include economic analysis and model analysis. The study explains the economic reasons for the interest protection for peasants whose land is expropriated or transfered and phenomena such low-price expropriation and high-price transfer or high-price expropriation and low-price transfer. In the study, a land expropriation-transfer market-correlated model is proposed and an analysis of the characteristics and interests of the involving parties of the virtual land expropriation-transfer interacting market conducted. It is concluded that as long as the government has the motive of using land for arbitrage, the virtual market can not be totally balanced. Cost of cultivated land protection under optimal land redevelopment is measured and suggestions are given.