生态伦理何以可能:一种责任视角

Why ecological ethics is possible:from the perspective of responsibility

生态伦理的合法性一直悬而未决,以往的伦理学家立足于自然具有内在价值、能感受苦乐等特性,把人类的伦理扩展到自然界,这是对伦理与价值进行的硬性的嫁接,它缺少了彼此之间可以通约的媒介。生态伦理何以可能的伦理学基础,其实可以从伦理本身找到答案。伦理的本质规定中蕴含着关系与责任两个基本范围,伦理关系的存在具有绝对性,同时,伦理本身暗含着一种责任,这种责任具有无条件性。在生态伦理中,责任充当着人与自然之间的媒介,生态伦理是一种责任伦理。

The legitimacy of ecological ethics has long remained undecided. The conventional ethicists hold that nature has inherent value and features to sense bitterness, happiness and etc. , and thus ex- pands human ethics to nature, which is a rigid and media-lacking grafting of ethics and value. Why ecological ethics is possible can find the answer in ethics itself. There are two basic ranges of relation and responsibility in the essential regulation of ethics ： the existence of ethics relation is absolute and ethics itself implies a kind of unconditional responsibility. Since responsibility serves as media between human beings and nature in ecological ethics, ecological ethics can well be regarded responsibility ethics.