论物权的正当性与物权法定原则

On the Legitimacy of Property Rights and the Principle of Statutory Property

洛克的自然权利说、黑格尔的意志说、庞德的社会学说、波斯纳的经济说等从不同角度和不同层面揭示物权正当性的哲学基础,要正确全面理解物权正当性的内涵,应当从权利主体要求的有效性、权利来源的权威性、权利主体自由的重要性、权利和利益的相关性、权利的道德性以及权利的效率性等方面综合考察。实现物权的正当性,应当将应然的物权法定化(正当化),物权法定原则对实现物权正当性起到关键性作用。但是物权法定原则在某种程度上也阻碍物权正当化的进一步实现。我们应坚持物权法原则定的同时,又要以发展的眼光对待法,在法定物权不能满足正当性要求时,应当及时对法律进行修改。

Locke＇ s natural fights theory, Hegel＇ s will theory, Pound＇ s Sociology theory and Posner＇ s economy theory reveal the philosophical basis of legitimacy of property rights from different angles and at different levels. In order to fully understand the meaning of the justice of property legitimacy, we should have a comprehensive consideration of the main requirements of the validity of the source of rights authority, the main right to the importance of freedom, rights and interests of the relevance of the moral rights and the rights of other aspects of the efficiency. The legitimacy of property rights, should be a matter of statutory property （ of the justified）, the realization of the principle of statutory property, which has played a key role. However, the principle of statutory property also hinder, to some extent, further realization of the justification of property rights. While adhering to the principle of property law we should also have to look towards the development of law. When statutory property right can not meet the legitimate recquirements legitimacy, it should require prompt amendments of the law.