商丘试验区夏玉米节水高产水肥耦合数学模型与优化方案

The Mathematical Model and Optimal Scheme of Water fertilizer Interaction for Water saving and High Yield of Summer Maize in Shang Qiu Test Area

在人工控制试验条件下，采用二次通用旋转组合设计，对影响夏玉米产量的Ｎ、Ｐ和水三因素的综合效应进行了研究。结果表明，水肥配合存在阈值反应，这个阈值是：Ｎ为１０５ｋｇ／ｈｍ２，Ｐ２Ｏ５为５２．５ｋｇ／ｈｍ２，灌溉定额１５００ｍ３／ｈｍ２。低于阈值水平，Ｎ、Ｐ无明显增产效应，ＷＵＥ值低；高于阈值，水肥互作增产效应显著。增加Ｎ、Ｐ投入和适宜限量供水是提高ＷＵＥ值的重要途径。通过对所建数学模型的计算机模拟，提出了不同决策目标下的水肥优化方案。

Under the conditions of control test,by using the quadratic general spinning design,the comprehensive effect of N、P fertilizers and water on summer maize yield was studied. The results showed that the threshold value existed in water fertilizer interaction.If the application amount of N, P 2O 5 and water is below the threshold value,the effect of N and P 2O 5 on maize yield will be unremarkable and WUE will be low.Otherwise the effect of water fertilizer interaction will be remarkable.Increasing the application of N and P fertilizers and limiting the quantity of water properly is a significant way to improve WUE·A mathematical model of maize yield was established based on the result of experiment and computer was used for calculation and simulation. The optimal scheme of water fertilizer interaction under various objectives was worked out.