麦谷蛋白亚基Clu-1和Glu-3位点基因等位变异对小麦品质特性的影响

Effect of Allelic Variation of Glutenin Subunit Loci Glu-1 and Glu-3 on Wheat Quality

甲单向一步SDS-PAGE方法分析表明亲本品种Suneca和Cook在麦谷蛋白亚基的5个位点(Glu-B1,Glu-D1,Glu-A3,Glu-B3和Glu-D3)均含不同等位基因。本研究重点对Suneca×Cook的F_4代群体中在麦谷蛋白亚基位点均为纯合基因的60个系的出粉率(FY),面粉蛋白质含量(FP)及和面时间(PTM)进行了分析,以研究麦谷蛋白各亚基位点等位基因变异及位点间互作对小麦品质特性的影响。结果表明,不同基因型间出粉率无显著差异,Glu-D1位点等位基因d和a对FP的效应存在显著差异,Glu-Dld基因(编码5+10亚基)的正效应显著高于Glu-Dla基因(编码2+12亚基);Glu-D1、Glu-A3和Glu-B3位点上基因的等位变异对PTM有显著和极显著影响,含Glu-Dld、Glu-A3b和Glu-B3b基因的系分别比含Glu-Dla,Glu-A3d和Glu-B3h基因的系有较长的和面时间;Glu-B1位点上等位变异i和u以及Glu-D3位点等位基因b和e分别对PTM无明显影响。在这种遗传背景下,麦谷蛋白亚基位点对PTM的效应大小依次排列为Glu-D1>Glu-B3>Glu-A3>GIu-B1=Glu-D3。Glu-1位点和Glu-3位点间对和面特性的影响存在累加效应和互作效应。

Separation of glutenin subunits by one-step 1-D SDS-PAGE revealed that the parents Suneca and Cook had, contrasting alleles at five of the six glutenin subunits loci(Glu-Bl, Glu-Dl, Glu-A3, Glu-B3 and Glu-D3) except Glu-Al where both had allele a (i. e. 1 subunit). Thus a set of 60 lines homozygous for these loci from the F4 progenies was used to study individual and combined effects of alleles at these loci on wheat quality properties. Flour yield (FY), Flour protein content (FP) and Mixing time or Peak time of mixograph (PTM) were tested. The results showed that there were no differences in FY among different genetypes j allelic variations at the Glu-Dl locus varied significantly in FP, while Glu-Dld gene (coding 5 + 10 bands) was associated with higher FP level than Glu-Dla gene (coding 2 + 12 bands); allelic variation at Glu-Dl, Glu-A3 and Glu-B3 glutenin loci had significant effects on mixing time, the progenies with allele d at the Glu-Dl locus had significantly longer PTM than allele a, similarly Glu-A3b and Glu-B3b allele, respectively gave greater PTM than Glu-A3d and Glu-B3h. Alleles at the other loci (Glu-Bl and Glu-D3) did not give significantly different PTM. Based on the alleles analysed, the effect of different glutenin subunit loci on PTM could be ranked as Glu-D1>Glu-B3>Glu-A3>Glu-Bl=Glu-D3. The effect of Glu-1 and Glu-3 alleles appears cumulative and interactive.