不同生态条件下玉米产量源库关系的研究

Study on the Source and Sink in Relation to Grain Yield under Different Ecological Areas in Maize (Zea mays L. )

1993～1994年在新疆石河子、北京大兴、山东济南、江苏扬州对多花品种掖单13和中花品种鲁玉10进行春播试验,采用高产群体剪叶剪穗,不同密肥培植大小不同群体研究了玉米群体主要源库指标与产量的关系。结果表明:尽管玉米产量因试点经纬度及生态条件的差异很大,但不同试点的玉米产量水平均随花后干物质积累量(源)、总粒数(库)的增加而增加,源库相互促进增产。但增源增产与增库增产比,增库增产更为重要。这方面花数少库容潜力小的品种比花数多库容潜力大的品种更为突出。

In 1993-1994, the experiments were carried out in Shihezi, Xinjiang(N44° 37'); Daxin, Beijing (N40°); Jinan, Shandong (N36°42'); Yangzhou, Jiangsu (N32°)with corn cultivars Yidan13 with more silks and LuyunlO with less silks. With different densities and fertilizer levels cultivating different populations and in a high yield population being treated with foliage and ear shoots removals at silking stage, the relationship of the source and sink with the grain yield was analysed. The results shown that, there were significant differance of the grain yield in different experiment sites, but at any experiment site the grain yield increase had significant positive correlation with the dry matter accumulation during grain filling period (source) and the total kernels (sink). It was also shown that the sink was more important for grain yield than the source, special for the cultivar with less sink.