无机阻燃剂在塑料中的应用现状

Present status of the application of inorganic flame retardant in plastics

高分子材料是极易燃烧的物质。高分子材料制品(塑料、橡胶、化纤等)是人类生活不可缺少的必需品。因此,解决它们的阻燃问题,很久以来是人们十分关注的大事。无机阻燃剂因无卤、低烟、无毒等特点已广泛应用于塑料的阻燃。系统地介绍了常见的无机阻燃剂(包括氢氧化铝、氢氧化镁、磷系阻燃剂、硼系阻燃剂、复盐型无机阻燃剂、三氧化二锑等),以及以这些阻燃剂为主要成分的无机阻燃母粒的技术特点与应用现状。指出阻燃剂或阻燃母粒领域今后的发展空间很大;对于从事塑料改性的人士和行业,向阻燃剂领域发展有许多有利条件。

Polymer materials are flammable substances. However, the products made from them （ e. g. , plastic, rubber, chemical fiber and so on） are indispensable to our daily life. Thus ,people paid much attention on how to retard their flammability for a long time. The inorganic flame retardants have been widely used for plastics in inflaming retarding due to its characteristics, such as halogen- free,low- smoke and non -toxicity etc. In this paper, some common inorganic flame retardants （including, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, phosphorus -series flame retardants, boron- series flame retardants, double - salt inorganic flame retardants and diantimony trioxide etc. ） as well as the technical characteristics and present application status of inorganic flame - retardant master batches, which were mainly composed of those above inorganic flame retardants were introduced systematically. At the same time,it also pointed out that there is a very big potential in developing flame retardants and flame - retardant master batches ; and it is very favorable for the people who are engaged in the plastic modification to develop flame retardants.