城市社区民间组织中的非法人化现象：问题与应对--对上海市13个街道的调查与分析

Discussion on unincorporated entities of civilian organizations of urban community:a survey and analysis to 13 streets of Shanghai city

在城市社区民间组织中,普遍存在一种非法人化现象。通过对上海市的调查发现,没有登记注册的"非法"组织是主流。造成这一现象的制度原因是我国现有的社团管理体制,而根本原因则是社区民间组织的内生性动力不足。非法人化的发展趋势给民间组织的发展和管理带来了一系列的问题与挑战,在制度化的应对上,有效的政策包括适度规制、制度化的财政支持、有选择的政策倾斜、战略规划、鼓励并资助社区民间组织参与和进入政府服务的延伸领域等。

A phenomenon of unincorporated entities exists universally in the civilian organizations of urban communities. It finds from the survey in Shanghai that ＂illegal＂ organizations which are not registered are the main body of all civilian organizations. The institutional causes of it results from the existing management system of social organizations in China, but the root cause is the lackness of endgenetic motivation in civilian organizations. So, the development trend of illegalization brings about some challenges as well as problems. This paper, from the institutional perspective, suggests efficient policy solutions including proper regulations, regular financial support, selective policy preference, strategic planning, and the encouragement and donation to civilian organizations for participation in the extending fields of governmental services.