运动员心理技能与流畅经验的关系研究

The Relationship between Psychological Skills and Fluency Experience of Athletes

研究以参加浙江省第十一届大学生运动会田径比赛的217名运动员为受试对象,针对运动员心理技能与运动流畅经验之间的关系进行研究探讨。结果显示:心理技能与流畅经验之间呈正相关;以心理技能七个分量表为控制变量(因变量),流畅经验四个分量表为效标变量(自变量)的典型相关分析中发现:心理技能与流畅经验间有两组典型相关存在;典型因素可以直接解释流畅经验总变异量的46%。心理技能中的逆境应对、压力适应能力越差,自信心不足的运动员,越不容易在竞赛中感受到运动的流畅经验。研究建议:加强运动员心理技能学习和训练,心理技能的提高有助于竞赛中感受到流畅经验。

The paper takes 217 field and track athletes in Zhejiang Province 11 th College Students＇ Games as objects to examine the relationship between psychological skills and fluency experience. The result shows that psychological skills have positive correlation to fluency experience. In the typical relevant analysis on seven branch scales of psychological skills as dependent variable and four branch scales of fluency experience as dependent variable, two groups of typical relevant exist in psychological skills and fluency experience. Typical factors explain 46% of the total variation in fluency experience. Especially, it is found that those athletes with weakness in coping with adversity, peaking under pressure and confidences are associated with less fluency experience. This study suggests that promotion in psychological skills will help to get fluency experience and it is essential to improve athletes＇ psychological skills.