水库库岸滑坡涌浪的传播与爬高研究

Research on propagation and climb height of surge triggered by landslide in reservoir

基于流体力学明渠非恒定流的连续性方程、运动方程和沿程水头损失理论,把滑坡涌浪衰减过程分为急剧衰减和缓慢衰减两个阶段来考虑,并认为急剧衰减阶段的涌浪的衰减符合指数衰减规律,缓慢衰减阶段符合明槽水流的沿程水头损失规律,结合初始涌浪高度对涌浪沿岸的传播高度及爬坡高度进行了计算。以新滩滑坡为例对涌浪的传播及爬坡高度进行了计算,得出了滑坡涌浪衰减先快后慢以及传播3 km时的涌浪高度只有初始涌浪高度的30%以及传播10 km时涌浪高度只有初始涌浪高度的13%的规律。

In terms of continuity equation, movement equation of transient flow and water head loss theory in open channel in hydrodynamics, the decay process of landslide surge is divided into two stages, respectively, sharp-decay stage and slow-decay stage. And it is assumed that the sharp-decay stage is a kind of exponential decay and the slow-decay stage is a kind of water head loss with propagation distance in open channel. According to both decay rules, the propagation height and climb height of landslide surge along bank are evaluated on basis of initial surge height. Taking Xintan landslide for example, the propagation height and climb height of landslide surge are evaluated. It is concluded that landslide surge increases quickly decays first and then slowly decays; and when the propagation distance is 3 km. the surge height accounts for only 30% of the initial surge height, and accounts for 13% with the propagation distance of 10 km.