牛皮杜鹃的组培快繁及种质试管保存技术

Micropropagation and Germplasm Preservation in Tube of Rhododendron chrysanthum Pall.

以牛皮杜鹃休眠芽为外植体,筛选最适合萌发、再分化、生根和种质试管保存的培养基。结果表明最适合休眠芽萌发的培养基为:1/4MS+GA31.5mg·L-1+维生素C20mg·L-1;基部直接再分化培养基为:1/4MS+6-BA4.0mg·L-1+NAA0.3mg·L-1;生根培养基为:MS+IBA0.46mg·L-1+活性炭450mg·L-1;种质试管保存培养基为:1/6MS(大量元素)+1/4MS(微量元素)+1/2MS(铁盐)+1/4MS(有机物质)+B93.5mg·L-1。牛皮杜鹃组织培养的不同阶段需要不同的培养基,常温条件下,利用低营养矮化常温的方法在试管内保存种质资源。

Dormant buds of Rhododendron chrysanthum Pall. were used as explants for experiment. The most suitable media for inducement, differentiation, rooting and germplasm preservation in tube were screened. The results showed that 1/4 MS ＋ GA3 1.5 mg·L^-1 ＋ vitamin C 20 mg·L^-1 was fit for sprouting of dormant buds, 1/4 MS ＋ 6-BA4.0 mg·L^-1 ＋ NAA0.3 mg·L^-1 for differentiation, MS ＋ IBA0.46 mg·L^-1＋ active carbon 450 mg·L^-1for rooting, and 1/6 MS （macro-elemenyts） ＋ 1/4 MS （microelements） ＋ 1/2 MS （ferric salt） ＋ 1/4 MS （organic substances） ＋ B9 3.5mg·L^-1for germplasm preser-vation in tube. Rhododendron chrysanthum tissue culture required different kinds of culture media in different phases. The method of dwarfing with low nutrients and normal temperature was utilized for germplasm preservation m tube at normal temperature.