定西市农业比较优势分析及特色农业发展对策

Analysis of the comparative advantage of agriculture and the developmental strategies of characteristic agriculture in Dingxi,Gansu

利用1999-2003年的农业统计资料,计算了定西市主要农作物的规模、产量和综合比较优势指数。结果表明,当归、党参、花卉、马铃薯、蚕豆的种植规模省际优势明显,各农作物的单产省际优势不明显,党参、当归、马铃薯、花卉的综合省际优势明显;除花卉外,胡麻、中药材、马铃薯、谷子的种植规模全国优势突出,中药材、蚕豆、胡麻的单产全国优势明显,中药材、胡麻、马铃薯、谷子的全国综合优势明显。以上结果表明定西市的中药材、马铃薯和花卉最具有资源比较优势,其次是小杂粮和胡麻,而其它农作物不具备资源比较优势。在此基础上,分析了特色农业发展的有利条件和存在问题,提出了适合定西市现有经济发展水平的特色农业发展对策,如尽快制定特色农业发展规划,建立特色农产品基地;加强政府部门的职能,积极扶持龙头企业,打造地方特色农产品品牌;提升专业化市场的层次,构建农产品销售网络体系;积极推广农业科技,提高特色农业的科技含量等。

Calculating the comparative advantage of scale, yield and comprehensive indexes of the main crops based on the statistical data of agriculture from 1999 to 2003, it indicated that the scale and comprehensive advantage of angelica sinensis, codonopsis pilosula, flowers and potato are obvious in Gansu province whereas their yield advantage does not exist. Its scale, yield and comprehensive advantage of Chinese medicinal materi- als, benne, potato and millet except of flowers are obvious in China, which indicated that the Chinese medicines, potato and flowers have more comparative advantage in Gansu province and in China than other crops. Analyzing the favorable features and major problems in the process of characteristic agriculture develop- ment, the strategies with the level of current economy are offered to accelerate the development of characteristic agriculture in Dingxi, for examples, establishing developing program of characteristic agriculture and building characteristic farm product base; supporting main item enterprise with the help of government by functional change and formulating regional farm product brand;advancing level and function of specialized farm market and founding sell net system of farm production; actively popularizing agriculture science and technology in order to improve scientific contribution in developing characteristic agriculture.