国际河流纠纷的国家责任问题

International river dispute' national responsibility problem

当今淡水资源日趋紧张、国际河流水资源的合理利用与管理已成为国际社会广泛关注的重要问题。笔者结合盖巴斯科夫——拉基玛洛大坝案,通过对该案的分析与总结基础上,认为:一方面,应将可持续发展原则、风险预防原则等特殊的环境法原则提升到国际法的基本原则范畴。在国家责任方面不能仅以对环境造成损害后果来作为追究责任的前提,也应该考虑对防止损害费用的补偿;另一方面,针对中国国际河流水资源的开发和利用,也提出了几点建议,以冀更好地推动我国水资源的环境保护。

Reasonable exploitation and management which combine nowadays gradually nervous and international river water resources of the fresh water resources having become an important problem of the international society at present conditions.Development of that case concerning Gabcí kovo-Nagymaros Dam and the arbitrament conclusion and summary foundation,we think one hand we can promote Sustainable Development Principle and Precautionary Principle etc.to general principles of International Law.Courtries cannot be only responsible to conduct and actions to the environment,but also be considered to compensate the expenses which prevent froms injuring;On the other hand,aimimg at the development of current international environment law and the exploitation of Chinese international rivers at present,we also put forward some suggestions with hoping a better pushing our country＇ s the environmental protection of water resource.