孤独症类人格特质与心理健康的关系

The Autism-Spectrum personality traits and the correlation to mental health

目的:探讨不同类型的大学生的孤独症类人格特质情况,探测孤独症类人格特质与心理健康的关系。方法:对暨南大学与华南师范大学等2005级来自海内外的200名大学生进行孤独症类人格商数量表(AQ)和症状自评量表(SCL-90)测试并进行统计分析。结果:内地学生和港澳台学生的孤独症类人格商数呈显著差异(t=0.62,P<0.05),男生社会技能高于女生(t=-0.97,P<0.05),医学类学生在社会技能分项上低于法学类学生,得分分别为6.81和4.00(P<0.05);法学专业类学生在对细节的关注得分高于文史经管专业学生,得分分别为7.00和4.91(P<0.05);孤独症类人格商数与症状自评量表总分及其中的焦虑、强迫、抑郁、人际敏感4心理因子分呈正相关。结论:不同性别、地区、专业的大学生的孤独症类人格特质有差异,孤独症类人格特质与心理健康状况呈负相关,可为心理健康教育提供参考。

Aim：Try to find autistic personality traits of different college students and explore the relationship between autistic personality traits and mental health. Methods： Assess and analyze 200 college students in Jinan and other universities who are from different areas and countries by doing Autism-Spectrum Quotient（AQ） and Symptom Check List 90（SCL-90）. Results： 194 effective questionnaires were collected. ; comparison data showed overseas college students had higher scores than domestic students （ t = 0. 62, P 〈 0. 05） , male students get higher score than female ones in the items of social skill （ t = -0. 97, P 〈 0. 05 ）, medical students＇ social skill are worse than law students＇ ; each quotient is 6. 81 and 4.00 ; law students＇ quotient of attention to details is 7.00, higher than students＇ whose major is liberal arts, the score is 4.91. Examination of correlations showed high autism quotient was associated with high anxiety, compulsion, depression, and sensitivity of interpersonal relationship. Conclusion： Different sex students from different area and major showed different level Autistic personality quotient. Meanwhile, Autism-spectrum quotient is related to mental health situation which offer us some reference for mental health education.