草根的口传与谱传——以山西省阳高县阴阳与鼓匠乐班为例

An oral performing art: The relations between oral transmission and notation in folk performing group

口头传统研究的重要贡献之一,就是打破了原有固化的文本概念,将以文字形式的传统的有限视野拓展至所有"文本"之中:包括有形与无形之文本,以及各种不同的记录方式。口传心授这一现象在民间传统音乐体系中尤为重要。出于什么样的动因,使民间音乐技艺的传承较多使用口传而少借谱传?工尺谱本在口传体系中,处于何等位置、扮演何类角色?对其现象应作何解释?本文以阳高县民间乐班为例探索与分析民间技艺中口传与谱传的辩证关系。

One of the most important contributions of oral transmission is breaking down solidified text concepts, extend limited scope of text form to all ＂texts＂ ; this includes tangible and intangible texts and kinds of notating methods. Oral transmission is particularly essential in traditional folk musical system. Why are folk skills inherited more by oral methods than by music scores？ What kind of role does Gong Che notation play in oral transmission system and where is its position？ How can we explain this phenomenon？ ＂lifts article uses folk music band of Yanggao county as an example to explore and analyze the dialectical relationship between oral transmission and notation transmission.