手术室护士职业性损伤的认知及防护行为调查

Investigation on the recognition and protection of occupational injuries among nurses in operating room

目的调查手术室最常见的职业性损伤及护士对损伤的认知程度和防护行为。方法采用自设问卷对70名手术室护士进行问卷调查。结果手术室护士对接触输液器、输血器等一次性物品、医疗仪器引起的辐射、吸入高频电刀使用时所产生的气味、接触环氧乙烷消毒的物品、接触纱布纤维以及接触残余吸入性麻醉药物及废气等潜在的职业性损伤认知程度相对较弱。其中,使用含有聚氯乙烯(PVC)成分的一次性物品的认知和防护行为得分均较低,两者呈正相关(r=0.26,P<0.05)。结论随着医学新技术、新材料的应用,手术室职业性损伤的危险性有所增加,护士对新出现的职业性损伤认知程度较低,与之相应的防护行为有待提高。

Objective To investigate the nurses＇ recognition and protection of occupational injuries in operating room. Method Seventy nurses in operating room were recruited and investigated with a self-designed questionnaire. Result The nurses showed weak recognition to the common occupational injuries in operating room, such as contacting disposable transfusion materials, radiation caused by medical instrument, inhalation of gas caused by electric knife, contacting instruments which sterilized by epoxyethane, contacting gauze,resldue of inhalation anesthetics and waste gas. Among which,the scores of recognition and protection of using disposable goods which contain polyvinyl chloride（PVC） were the lowest, and there was a positively correlation between them （ r = 0.26, P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion With the applications of new technology and new materials, the risks of occupational injuries in operating room is growing. However, the nurses show weak recognition and protection to the occupational injuries, which need to be further improved.