硫酸体系中快速反应制备聚苯胺纳米结构的研究

Synthesis of Polyaniline Nano Structures by Rapid-Mixed Reaction Method in H_2SO_4 Solution

聚苯胺纳米结构同时具有导电高分子材料和纳米材料的优点，具有广阔的应用前景。本文在硫酸体系中。通过快速混合氧化反应制备得到了质量较好的聚苯胺纳米纤维。利用扫描电镜（SEM）、红外光谱（FTIR）和紫外可见光谱（UV-Vis）对产物进行了表征，探讨了反应物配比对产物形貌的影响和不同反应条件对产率的影响。结果表明过硫酸铵用量对产物形貌和产率影响最为显著；当苯胺与过硫酸铵配比为0．8时，所得纳米纤维形貌最好。直径约为60～100nm，长度约为500nm到几个微米，并且以掺杂态形式存在。同时考虑产物形貌和产率的最佳合成条件为：硫酸浓度1mol·L^-1，苯胺与过硫酸铵配比为0．8，反应时间为16h。

Polyaniline nanostructures had wide potential applications because of the advantages of both conducting polymers and nano-materials.High quality polyaniline nanofibers were synthesized in H2SO4 solution and characterized by SEM,FTIR and UV-Visible.The effect of reactant molar ratio on morphology and the effect of different reaction conditions on yield were discussed.The dosage of APS had remarkably affected the morphology and yield.The best morphology of polyaniline nanofibers was obtained when the molar ratio of [ANI]/[APS]was 0.8.The average diameter of nanofibers was 60-100nm and the length was 500nm to several micrometers.It was concluded that the polyaniline nanoifbers with high quality and yield could be obtained after 24 h reaction under the conditions of 1mol·l^-1 H2SO4 solution and [ANI]/[APS]was0.8.