骨膜下成骨修复小型猪下颌骨节段性缺损的初步研究

Preliminary study of bone formation by periosteum to restore the mandibular defection of minipig

目的探讨单纯骨膜下成骨修复小型猪下颌骨缺损的可能性。方法选择18个月龄雌性小型猪10只,拔除其右侧下颌骨的前磨牙及第一磨牙,两个月后随机将动物分为保留骨膜与不保留骨膜两群,其中保留骨膜群6只,不保留骨膜群4只。保留骨膜群根据骨块切除长度不同分40、50、60mm组,不保留骨膜群根据骨块切除长度不同分10mm组与20mm组,每组各2只动物。骨块切除后均行坚固内固定,术后4、8、12周分别拍X线片。结果保留骨膜群40、50mm组及不保留骨膜群10mm组术后4、8、12周X线片均显示下颌骨缺损处被钙化新生骨所充填,完成了骨连接。保留骨膜群60mm组及不保留骨膜群20mm组术后4、8、12周X线片显示下颌骨缺损未完成骨连接。结论骨膜原位成骨能修复小型猪下颌骨50mm及其以下节段性骨缺损,为临床骨缺损的修复另辟新径。

Objective To discuss the possibility of bone formation by periosteum to restore the mandibular defection of minipig and the critical length of the discontinuous defection. Methods Ten female 18-month-old minipigs were used in the study. The premolars and the first molar in the fight mandible of each minipig were extracted. Two months later, the animals were divided into two groups randomly, six in Group 1 and four in Group 2. In Group 1, mandibular defects measuring 40, 50 and 60 mm long were created preserving the periosteum; In Group 2, mandibular defects measuring 10 mm and 20 mm long were created without preserving periosteum. Two minipigs for each defection length. The mandibles were then stabilized with rigid internal fixation. X-ray photographs were taken 4, g and 12 weeks after operation. Results X-ray photographs of 12 weeks after operation showed that all the mandibular defection were restored with new calcified bone in the 40, 50 and 10 mm subgroups, while the mandibular defection cannot be restored in the 60 mm and 20 mm subgroups. Conclusions Bone forming by periosteum is a new method to rehabilitate the mandibular discontinuous defection of minipig shorter than 50 mm.