螺旋CT与图像后处理技术在外伤骨折诊断中的意义

Significance of Spiral CT and Image Post-processing Technique in Diagnosis of Traumatic Fractures

目的探讨螺旋CT与图像后处理技术对外伤骨折的诊断意义。方法收集58例外伤骨折患者的临床资料，其中男42例，女16例，年龄15～76岁，均行X线检查、螺旋CT扫描和图像后处理技术。结果58例外伤骨折患者中，脊柱骨折21例，颅面骨骨折13例，膝关节骨折5例，胫腓骨骨折5例，髋关节骨折4例，跟骨及足部骨折4例，桡骨近段骨折2例，锁骨骨折2例，踝关节骨折2例。三维图像重建（3D）未能做出诊断的骨折为单发细小骨折6例。3D对于骨碎片的位置、数量、移位情况及骨折后骨结构的空间改变等的显示明显优于X线、CT横轴位和多层面重建（MPR）。结论利用图像后处理软件中的彩色体显示（GVR）、最大密度投影（MIP）、容积再现与MPR结合可以获得满意的图像质量。

Objective To study the significance of spiral CT and image post - processing technique in the diagnosis of traumatic fractures. Methods We collected the clinical data of 58 cases with traumatic fractures （42 males, 16 females, ranging in age from 15 to 76）, who were given X - ray examination, spiral CT scanning and image post - processing technique. Results Out of the 58 patients with traumatic fractures, there were 13 cases with craniofacial fractures, 21 with spine fractures, 5 with knee - joint fractures, 4 with hip - joint fractures, 5 with tibiofibula fractures, 2 with radial proximal fractures, 2 with clavicle fractures, 2 with ankle - joint fractures and 4 with calcaneal and foot fractures. 6 cases with solitary small fractures failed to be confirmedly diagnosed by three- dimensional （3D） image reconstruction. 3 D image reconstruction was significantly better than X - ray, CT abscissa axis and multiplanar reconstruction （MPR） in detection of the locations, the numbers and the shifts of fractures and in the vacuity changes of bone structure. Conclusion High quality of image can be obtained by GVR, MIP and volume rendering with MPR in image post - processing soft ware.