组织信誉缺失的微观机理研究

Study on Microcosmic Mechanism of Reputation Loss

已有的研究倾向于将组织信誉缺失的原因归结为法制不完善、政府监管不力、地方保护主义等外部原因,而忽视了基于交易关系的微观机理分析。交易关系是现代经济活动的基本关系,任何组织都是由基于一系列委托代理关系的契约交易链条组成的。信誉缺失问题正是伴随内部及外部交易行为发生的。交易活动可以分为简单交易活动和复杂交易活动,后者信誉缺失的机理虽然在单个交易环节上与前者相似,但整体上与前者不同并且复杂得多。不同产权类型组织信誉缺失的原因在于治理结构及激励结构的差异,以及由此引起的内部交易中信誉问题向外部市场的传导,产权类型的差异不是信誉缺失的唯一原因。

Fonner studies tend to ascribe the reputation losing of organizations to such as legal, regulation, local protection, and culture reasons, but reasons of microcosmic level based on transaction and on internal mechanism of organizations are ignored. Whereas, transactional relation is the basic relation in modem economic activities, and any organization can be multiplexed by transactional relation based on principal - agent relation. The problem of reputation loss just accompanies interior and exterior transactional activities. Transactional activities can be divided into simple transaction and complex transaction. Although at the single juncture the mechanism of the latter＇ s reputation lore and that of the former are similar, on the whole the mechanism of the latter is different from and more complex than that of the former. Difference between reasons of reputation loss of organizations with different property right types lies in difference of govemess structure and incentive structure, which rises to reputation problems of interior transaction to conduct to exterior markets, but is not the only reason of reputation less.