黑格尔市民社会理论的发展逻辑与时代意义

Development Logic and Historical Significance of Hegel's Civil Society Theory

黑格尔的现代市民社会理论是在继承和超越西方古典市民社会理论基础上形成发展起来的。其发展逻辑是:家庭(伦理性与实体性的统一)——市民社会(伦理性与实体性消失,个体独立性得到彰显)——国家(个体独立性和普遍实体性相统一的伦理和精神);其运行逻辑是:市民社会是一个"需要的体系",在满足需要的过程中,个人需要升华为社会需要,个人的特殊性升华为市民社会的普遍性,这就是市民社会的辩证法。黑格尔的市民社会理论对西方政治思想的发展与马克思唯物史观的创立都具有极为重要的时代意义。

Hegel＇s modem civil society theory had been formed and developed through inheriting and surmounting the western classical civil society theory . Its development logic is： the family （unification of ethics and entity） the civil society （ethics and entity vanished, individual independence revealed） the country （ethics and spirit of individual independence and universal entity＇ s unification）; its movement logic is： the civil society is ＂a system of needs＂. In the process of meeting the needs, individual needs sublimate into the social needs and individual particularity sublimates into the civil society＇ s universality. This is the civil society＇ s diagnostic method. Hegel＇ s civil society theory has extremely important significance to the west political thought＇ s development and the Marx＇ s historical materialism＇ s establishment.