小麦地保护性耕作措施和压实对水分保护的影响

Effects of Conservation Tillage and Tractor Wheel Compaction on Water Conservation

在模拟降雨条件下研究小麦地的传统、免耕和深松3种耕作措施和0，25％，50％和75％4种覆盖度以及拖拉机轮胎压实与非压实对土壤水分保护效果的影响。试验结果表明：在耕作措施、覆盖度和压实3种因素中，压实对土壤水分保护效果的影响最大，可以使具有25％～75％残茬覆盖的保护性耕作地的平均径流强度增大3倍之多。传统耕作加覆盖的保水效果好于免耕加覆盖和深松加覆盖。

Field trials on the effects of the convertional tillage, no-tillage and subsoiling methods, 4 residue coverages (0, 25 yc, 50%, 75 % ) and tractor wheel compaction on water conservation are conducted for wheat crop yield by using rainfall simulation. The results show that tractor wheel compaction has the most important impact on water conservation as compared to tillage methods and residue coverage, and an increase of as much as 3 times in runoff rate on the surface of the conservation tillage field with 25%-75% of residue coverage has been found. The conventional tillage with residue was the best one for water conservation comparlng to no-tillage with residue and subsoiling with residue.