济宁市某县麻疹爆发实验室早期诊断结果分析

Analysis of early laboratory diagnosis of measles outbreak in a county of Jining City

目的摸清麻疹爆发的原因及发病特点，为控制麻疹提供科学的实验室依据。方法采用酶联免疫捕获法，对疑似病例血清标本进行麻疹IgM抗体，风疹IgM抗体检测，同时，对孕妇血清标本进行IgG抗体检测。结果408例麻疹疑似病例IgM抗体阳性率为91．18％，风疹IgM抗体全部阴性，0—10、20—30岁年龄组发病较高，分别占45．71％（170／372）、30，38％（113／372）。性别上总体无显著性差异，但20—25岁年龄组，女性发病较高，其发病比例，男女之比为1：2．9（14／41），同时，在疫区采集的未发病的孕妇血清标本，麻疹IgG抗体阳性率仅为25％（7／28）。结论应加强0—10、20—30岁年龄组、尤其2岁以下幼儿和育龄妇女的麻疹疫苗免疫接种。其次，应加强基层人员的专业技术培训，确保麻疹疫苗的接种质量。同时也要加大麻疹保护性抗体的监测力度，随时掌握全市不同年龄组人群的麻疹免疫水平，为制定全市的麻疹免疫规划提供科学的依据。

Objective To understand the cause of measles outbreak and analyze its characteristic. Methods Serum samples were collected from suspected measles and rubella cases and IgM antiboy to measles and rubella was determined by Capture - IgM ELISA, Simultaneously, serum specimens of pregnant women were tested for IgG antibodies. Results A- mong 408 cases the positive rate of IgM to measles was 91.18% and negative for rubella. The incidence rate of measles in the age groups of 0 - 10 and 20 - 30 was higher than that of the other age groups accounted for 45.71% （170/372）、30. 38% （113/372 ）There was no significantly difference between males and females in incidence rate. Among 28 serum samples from pregnant women the positive rate of measles IgG antibodies was 25%. Conclusion The incidence rate of measles of the age groups of 0 - 10 and 20 - 30 was high. There were risk factors of prevalence of measles in this area. Comprehensive measures be taken to control the outbreak of measles in this area.