广东省耕地压力变化与耕地保护

Pressure Change Analysis and Protection of Cultivated Land in Guangdong Province

计算了1990～2005年广东省耕地压力指数,分析耕地压力指数的时序变化。研究表明:16年来广东省的耕地压力指数一直大于1,耕地一直处于紧张状态。1990～2000年耕地压力指数持续上升,其主要原因是广东省人均耕地面积减少速度较快;2001年耕地压力指数首次出现下降,主要由于这个时期省外粮食调入和粮食进口的增加,使得粮食自给率下降。同时,计算了2005年广东省21个地市的耕地压力指数,分析了各个地市压力指数之间的差异。

In this article, the author calculated the pressure index of cultivated land in Guangdong Province since 1990 and analyzed its temporal changes. The index is greater than 1 all the 16 years, which indicates the cultivated land of Guangdong Province is always under a tensional situation. The pressure index increased continuously from 1990 to 2000 because the per capita actual area decreased rapidly. In 2000, the pressure index decreased, mainly because of the food imports abroad and from other provinces increased. Meanwhile, the author also calculated the cultivated land pressure indexes of 21 cities in Guangdong province and analyzed the differences of the index among those cities. To ensure food security in a region, it is necessary to maintain the grain self-sufficiency rate. So in a certain self-sufficiency rate conditions, one of the ways to relieve pressure index is raising the yield farmland, ensuring the quality of cultivated land and increasing cropping density.