抗白粉病基因Pm8在四川小麦中遗传表达初步研究

EXPRESSION OF GENE Pm8 FOR RESISTANCE TO POWDERY MILDEW IN WHEAT FROM SICHUAN

用Ｇｉｅｍｓａ－Ｃ带技术鉴定了４８个含１ＲＳ／１ＢＬ染色体的小麦材料，并对其抗白粉病基因Ｐｍ８的遗传表达进行了初步研究。用对Ｐｍ８非毒性的小麦白粉菌系接种这些品系，结果表明：２１个小麦品系１ＲＳ／１ＢＬ染色体上的抗白粉病基因Ｐｍ８未表达，２４个具有Ｐｍ８抗性，３个品系可能含有除Ｐｍ８外的其它基因或组合。我们认为，在四川小麦中的含１ＲＳ／１ＢＬ染色体的品种（系）中Ｐｍ８基因的不表达也是白粉病流行的重要原因，在利用１ＲＳ／１ＢＬ染色体于四川小麦高产育种中应注重其抗病性，并发掘新的抗白粉病资源有重要的现实意义。

Chromosome 1RS/1BL was widely used in Sichuan wheat breeding. 48 cultivars possessing 1RS/1BL translocation were identified by improved Giemsa-Cbanding, and the genetic expression of gene Pm8 for resistance to powdery mildewwas carried out. These cultivars were inoculated by mildew isolate which virulence has been investigated by known resisrant gene lines. The resultsindicated: 21 of those shows absence of Pm8 resistance,24 present the Pm8 resistance and 3 would carry other gene (s) confering the resistance to powdery mildew. It was assumed that many released cultivars which showed genetic variation of gene Pm8 made the epidemic of wheat powdery mildew in Sichuan. The exploitation of Chromosome 1RS/1BL in wheat production was also discussed in this paper.