波涌沟灌节水机理与效果的试验分析

SavingWater Mechanism and Effect of Surge Furrow Irrigation

根据大量的田间入渗及灌水试验资料，分析了波涌沟灌的节水机理并评价了其灌水效果。波涌沟灌的节水性主要是由于在波涌灌溉条件下土壤间歇积水入渗而引起的减渗性，及由此引起的沟道推进流量增大、间歇水流所引起的沟道糙率减小而最终导致推进速度加快。试验分析表明，波涌沟灌较连续沟灌总供水推进速度提高了９％～２２％，灌水均匀度提高了１８％～２３％，灌水定额减小了８．３％～１８．２％。

Based on a lot of infiltration and irrigation experiments on farm field, the savingwater mechanism of surge furrow irrigation was analyzed and its irrigation efficiency was estimated in this paper. In surge furrow irrigation, soil intermittent infiltration has characteristics of reducing of infiltration rate, increasing of furrow advancing discharge and reducing of furrow roughness,which makes the advancing velocity of furrow flow increase, so that the surge furrow irrigation can save water comparing with traditional furrow irrigation. According to the experiment results, the mean advancing velocity in total supply time and the irrigation uniform coefficient were increased by 9 %～22 % and 18 %～23 % respectively, and the irrigating water quota was decreased by 8.3%～18.2% comparing with traditional furrow irrigation. 