K型杂交小麦籽粒灌浆特性研究

Studies on the Traits of Grain Filling in Hybrid Wheat with Ae.kotschyi Cytoplasm

１９９４～１９９６年选用５个Ｋ型小麦不育系与７个恢复系进行不完全双列杂交，研究杂交种的灌浆特性。结果表明，Ｋ型杂交小麦籽粒干重变化呈“Ｓ”形曲线，与常规品种（亲本）相比，表现为“前慢、中快、后慢且变异大”。杂交种籽粒干重变化可归纳为３种类型：（１）前期介于双亲之间或低于低亲，中期介于双亲之间，最终粒重超过高亲；（２）前期低于低亲，中期介于双亲之间，最终粒重超过中亲值；（３）前期低于或介于双亲之间，最终粒重低于中亲值。绝大多数杂交种前期灌浆速率低于高亲甚至低于低亲，中期灌浆速率大幅度提高，部分杂交种可超过高亲。

The characteristics of grain filling of hybrid wheat with Ae.kotschyi cytoplasm were studied from 1994 to 1996.The results showed that the grain weight increased in “S” curve.Compared with the common variety,the increase of hybrid grain weight was of early period slow,middle period fast and later period slow features,as well as great variance.There were three kinds of grain development:1) In early and middle period the grain weight of hybrids was between parent or less than lowparent value,but finally it was higher than the highparent value.2)The grain weight of hybrids was lower than lowparent value in early period,between parents in middle period and finally higher than the midparent.3) The grain weight of hybrids was lower than the lowparent value or between parents in early period and finally lower than the midparent.The rate of grain filling (RGF) of most hybrids was lower than midparent in early period,but in the middle period increased greatly,and the RGF of parts of hybrids was higher than highparent.