李叶枯病研究

A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE LEAF SPOT DISEASE OF PLUM(Prunus salicina var vinifera)

为了解李病害的发生规律并为大田防治提供理论依据及实用手段，笔者对湖南李园普遍发生且为害严重的一种新病害——李叶枯病进行了病原菌鉴定、生物学特性和药剂防治试验的研究．初步确定李叶枯病的病原菌为枇杷叶拟盘多毛孢菌，该病原菌最适生长和产孢的培养基为ＰＤＡ，ｐＨ值为４～９，菌丝生长最适温度为２５℃，产孢最适温度为２５～３０℃，以１６ｈ光照条件菌丝生长最好，拌种双、托福灵、多菌灵等３种药剂对该病原菌有较好的抑菌效果，复配制剂桃李植保素在盆栽药剂试验中防效最好．

Studies on the leaf spot disease of plum widespread in the orchards of Hunan province were carried out in order to identify the pathogen,uncover its biological characteristics and to chemically control. The pathogen was preliminarily identified as the fungus Pestalotia erioborifolia Guba. The optimum culture medium for hyphae growth and spore production of the fungus was PDA at pH 4～9. The optimum temperatures for hyphae growth and spore production were 25℃ and 25～30℃,respectively. The best illumination for hyphae growth was 16 h photoperiod. Three fungicides Thiram,Thlophanate and Carhendazol could control the disease effectively by inhibiting the fungus. The compound medicament produced by our institute gave the best control in the pot experiments.