柑桔属叶片酯酶同工酶和蛋白质电泳分析

Analysis of the Esterase Isozyme and Electrophoresis Patterns of Protein in Citrus Leaves

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法，研究了柑桔属４个种的６个品种，两个营养系芽变品系和１个杂交后代的成熟春梢的叶片酯酶同工酶酶谱和蛋白质电泳带型。根据酶谱及带型的异同，探讨其彼此的亲缘关系，鉴别芽变品系和杂种。结果表明，酯酶同工酶酶带清晰，种间酶带差异明显，种内不明显。蛋白质电泳带无拖尾现象，清晰而窄，种间和种内不同品种间谱带差异明显；芽变品系具有原品种所有带型，并出现新的谱带；种间杂种带型复杂，谱带条数多。不仅具有双亲所具有的谱带，又不完全表现为两亲本谱带的互补型，亲本所具有的个别谱带在子代中消失，而且出现了双亲所不具有的杂种谱带。柑桔叶片酯酶同工酶分析，可作为探测基因差异和遗传关系的一种手段，其酶谱可作为鉴别种以上遗传性状的指标，叶片蛋白质电泳，可用来进行种或品种区分。

he esterase isozyeme and protein electrophoresis patterns of spring shoot ripen leaves of six varieties/cultivars,two mutational cultivars and one hybrid in four citrus species was studied by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.The sibship was analysed according to the results of zymograms and bands.The data of esterase isozyme patterns showed that there were differences among species and almost no differences in same species.The leaf protein isozgme bands were clear and narrow and there were significant difference among species and within the same species.Bud mutational cultivars had the same hands as the parents,and had new bands.Bands of hyhrids among species is complex,the number of bands were more than that of the parents.Hybrid not only had some of the parents' bands,hut also had some new bands.Analysis of esterase isozyme zymogram could be used as a method of studying the gene difference and the genetic relationship,and used to distinguish inheritable characters of species.Leaf protein pattern could be used to distinguish the difference of varieties,and effectively identify bud mutant and hybrids.