早熟辣椒新品种渝椒三号的选育

Dormant Physiology of Elephant foot Yam (Amorphophallus rivieri)

渝椒三号是采用优势育种方法，以纯化自交系“４２—２”为母本，“５１”为父本杂交选育而成的优良组合。杂一代优势强、早熟、丰产。前期产量和总产量分别比对照改良早丰增产６１．０％和３６．１％，比湘研１号增产５６．８％和２２．５％。抗性鉴定表现耐寒、中抗疫病。鲜椒肉厚、多汁、微辣、商品性好、耐贮运。宜春季早熟栽培。

The germination rate,respiratory rate,amylase,hydrogen peroxidase,polyphenol oxidase and dormancy physiology of elephant foot yam( Amorphophallus rivieri )at different temperature (5℃,10℃,20℃)and periods were studied. The results showed that the dormancy of elephant foot yam is physiological.The dormancy relieving of Elephant foot yam underwent a long process.The physiological process of dormancy may be divided into four stage:1.post ripenning stage:it is about one month from harvesting to the last ten day period of November.The germination rate and the enzyme activity were strong in this period. Then the tuber entered into dormancy state gradually.2.Deep dormancy stage:it is from the last ten day period of November to the last ten day of Dec.or the the first ten day period of Jan.The amylase and catalase activity are weak in this period.The tuber is in deep dormancy state.3.The process of relieving dormancy:it is from the last ten day of Dec.to the last ten day of Feb.The germination rate is still low,but polyphenol oxidase activity is tending to strengthen in this period The dormancy is relieving 4.The growth period of bud:it is after March.The germination rate and the enzyme activity is tending to strengthen in this period.The dormancy is completely relieved.According to the activity change of hydrogen peroxidase,hastening germination test and the situation,the activity of hydrogen peroxidase was related to the dormancy relieving of Elephant foot yam,in other words,the dormancy relieving was related to phosphopentose.