有氧运动对人体心血管功能及血液相关指标的影响

Effects of aerobic exercise on cardiovascular functions and blood indexes

学术背景:有氧运动是目前流行且有效的健身方式。健身运动时,人体系统内部发生着各种各样的变化,其中心血管系统的变化尤为突出,而有氧运动最首要的作用是增强心血管系统功能。目的:总结有氧运动对血液指标及心血管功能的影响。检索策略:应用计算机检索PubMed 1998-01/2006-12有关有氧运动和心血管方面的文献,检索词"aerobicexercise,cardiovascular",限定文章语言种类为English。同时计算机检索中文期刊全文数据库2001-01/2006-12相关有氧运动和心血管的文献,检索词"有氧运动,心血管",限定文章语言种类为中文。对资料进行初审,纳入标准:①有氧运动对心血管功能的影响。②有氧运动对血液相关指标的影响。排除标准:重复性研究。共收集到符合上述要求的文献81篇。文献评价:排除51篇重复性研究,共30个研究满足全部纳入标准,予以纳入。资料综合:有氧运动对人体有多方面的作用,所以它在健身运动中占有最重要的地位。增强心血管系统功能是有氧运动最主要的作用。流行病学研究和实验研究都表明,有氧运动不仅能增加机体内热能消耗,提高脂蛋白活力,降低血脂含量;还可以降低高血压患者的血压以及动脉硬化和其他心血管疾病的发病几率;同时能有效的增强心脏功能。结论:适当的有氧运动可以改善人体的血液指标,增强心脏和血管对机体各器官、组织的供血功能,并且在对心血管疾病的防治上具有重要意义。

BACKGROUND： Aerobic exercise is a popular and effective way of fitness. All kinds of changes occur in the human system, especially the changes in the cardiovascular system. Enhancing the cardiovascular system functions is the most important role in the aerobic exercise. OBJECTIVE： To sum up effects of aerobic exercise on blood indicators, cardio-vascular function. RETRIEVAL STRATEGY： A computer-based search was conducted in Pubmed for literatures related to aerobic exercise and cardiovascular system published between January 1998 and December 2006 with the key words of ＂aerobic exercise, cardiovascular＂ in English. Simultaneously, China Journal Full-text Database was looked for relevant articles published from January 2001 to December 2006 with the same key words in Chinese. The data were selected firstly. Inclusive criteria： （1）the influence of aerobic exercise on cardiovascular function, （2）influence of aerobic exercise on blood indexes. The exclusive criterion for deletion was the repetition of the same research. There were 81 literatures in accordance with the above-mentioned criteria. LITERATURE EVALUATION： 51 papers of repetitive research were excluded, 30 of them were accorded with the inclusive criteria and were included. DATA SYNTHESIS： Aerobic exercise plays the most important role in fitness. Enhancing the cardiovascular system functions is the most important role in the aerobic exercise. Epidemiological studies and experimental studies have indicated that aerobic exercise not only can increase energy consumption, improve vitality lipoprotein and lower blood lipid content, but also can reduce blood pressure in patients with hypertension and decrease the incidence of arteriosclerosis and other cardiovascular diseases, and can effectively enhance cardiac function. CONCLUSION： Appropriate aerobic exercise can lead to the enhancements of cardiac function and vascular function, and plays an important role in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.