松嫩平原西部草地退化研究

The Study of Grassland Degradation in the Western of Songnen Plain

基于RS与GIS技术,利用1986、1995、2000年3期遥感影像,解译提取松嫩平原西部草地空间信息,分析其时空动态变化及草地退化的自然及人文因素。结果表明,14a来,草地面积减少24.70%,草地退化严重;高覆盖度草地减少迅速,对该区草地资源减少率的贡献较大,低覆盖度草地发展速度最快;草地主要转化为林地、耕地、未利用地和盐碱地;研究区草地退化是自然因素与人为因素共同作用的结果,气温升高、降水减少等自然因素是草地退化形成的基本条件,而人口增加、过度放牧等人类活动干扰则是决定因素。图4,表2,参17。

Based on KS and GIS technique, three-period （1986,1995,2000） remote sensing images are interpreted to extract spatial information of grassland landscape in the westem of Songnen plain, then spatial-temporal dynamics of grassland and the natural and human factor of grassland degradation are analyzed .The results show that grassland area decreased 24.7%, grassland degradation is serious. Grassland is mainly converted into forestland, cropland, tmused land and saline-alkatized land. During 1986- 1995, low coverage grassland rapidly developed, and high coverage grassland declined greatly during 1995 - 2000.From 1986 to 2000,both natural factors and human activities result in grassland degradation in studying region, natural factors are basic condition of grassland degradation, and human activities are crucial factors.