湿地垦殖对土壤微生物量及土壤溶解有机碳、氮的影响

Influence of Freshwater Marsh Tillage on Microbial Biomass and Dissolved Organic Carbon and Nitrogen

对三江平原天然沼泽湿地及湿地垦殖后的农田、弃耕还湿地、人工林地等不同土地利用方式下表层土壤（0-10 cm）的活性碳、氮组分：微生物量碳（MBC）、微生物量氮（MBN）、溶解有机碳（DOC）、溶解有机氮（DON）进行了研究.结果表明,天然小叶章沼泽湿地垦殖为农田后,表层土壤各活性碳、氮组分显著降低：MBC减少了63.8%-80.5%;MBN减少了56.3%-67.1%;DOC减少了43.1%-44.3%;DON减少了25.2%-56.1%.农田弃耕还湿和人工造林后表层土壤的活性碳、氮组分有明显恢复的趋势,各组分恢复到天然小叶章湿地土壤水平的36.1%-59.9%（MBC）;46.7%-65.9%（MBN）;67.0%-69.3%（DOC）;81.2%-88.3%（DON）.土地利用方式是影响土壤MBC、MBN、DOC、DON变化的重要因素;各土地利用方式表层土壤的DOC、DON、MBC、MBN呈显著的正相关关系,土地利用方式对表层土壤DOC的影响大于对DON的影响;各土地利用方式下土壤微生物可利用碳、氮的来源不同是影响DOC、DON与MBC、MBN相关性差别明显的主要原因.

The changes in microbial biomass carbon （MBC）, microbial biomass nitrogen （MBN）, dissolved organic carbon （DOC） and dissolved organic nitrogen （DON） were examined in order to assess the effect of surface layer soil （0 - 10 cm） under different land-use types after freshwater marshes tillage in the Sanjiang Plain Northeast China. Land uses were Deyeuxia angustifolia freshwater marshes （ （ DAM）, cultivated land （CL）, recovery freshwater marsh （RFM）, constructed woodland （CW）. After DAM soil tillage, MBC, MBN, DOC and DON declined strongly in agricultural surface soil layer, decreased 63.8 % -80.5 % （ MBC）, 56.3 % -67.1% （ MBN）, 43.1% -44.3 % （DOC） and 25.2%-56.1% （DON） respectively. In contrast, these C, N fraction had significant recovered in RFM and CW surface soil, increased 36.1% -59.9% （ MBC）, 46.7% -65.9% （ MBN）, 67.0% -69.3 % （DOC） and 81.2% -88.3 % （DON） respectively. Cultivation and land-use affected soil MBC, MBN, DOC and DON intensely. Therefore these labile C, N fractions have the significant relative under different land-use types. However DOC was more obvious controlled than DON by the land-use types. The relative between DOC and MBC, MBN have much difference than DON, the main reason of this distinction is the diverse source in available carbon and nitrogen that taken by microbial property under different land uses.