流域侵蚀产沙系统的复杂性

Complexity of Soil Erosion and Sediment Yielding System in Catchments

在介绍了复杂性科学的基础上,从其基本原理和观点出发,对流域侵蚀产沙系统的复杂性进行了深入分析,指出开放性和动态性、非平衡性和时空变异性、多尺度性、过程不可逆及多重耦合和性和非线性动力演化是流域侵蚀产沙系统复杂性的主要表现特征,以此为线索对复杂性科学的研究方法在流域侵蚀产沙过程模拟中的应用进行了较为系统地归纳,并对流域侵蚀产沙模型未来的研究趋势进行了展望.

Science of complexity is introduced. Based on its basic principles and methods, complexity of erosion and sediment system in catchments is analyzed comprehensively and thoroughly. Opening and dynamic, non-equilibrium, temporal and spatial variability, process irreversibility, multiple spatial scales, multiple coupling, and nonlinear kinetic evolution are pointed out. Application of research methods of complexity science in modelling soil erosion and sediment yield in a catchment area are induced systematically. These methods include system dynamics, neural networks, gray system, particles system, fractal, cellular automata. Finally, development tendency of erosion and sediment yield model research in the future is discussed.