试论庄子的“飘逸”之风

On the Style of Chuang-tzu’s Ease

"飘逸"气弥漫于中国古代各个朝代、各个主要人物之中,形成一种独特的中国美学韵味。这种逸风又始终和中国古代士人紧密联系在一起,士人具有逸风,逸风又犹如一股真气环绕着士人使其具有一种独特的品格。纵观整个中国美学史,逸在每一个朝代都留下了自己的足迹。作为中国美学史上的一个重要范畴的"逸品"或"逸格",既有其孕育和产生的源头,也有其发展、演变乃至衰落的进程。在其源头处,在老子身上、尤其是在庄子这里,飘逸之风得以充分体现和张扬。不论是就庄子本人还是就他的言论和著作、抑或是他的作品之写作风格而言,无不弥散着浓浓的飘逸之气。本文将主要阐释作为"逸"之源头的庄子的飘逸之风。

There was a kind of air in the history of Chinese aesthetics - ease. This kind style of ease permeated in every major character and every dynasty in ancient China. It formed a unique kind of Chinese aesthetics lingering charm. This kind style of ease also related with Chinese ancient esquires tightly all the time. Esquires had this ease, this ease surrounded esquires like a stream of holy gas, and this made esquires have a special kind of quality. During the whole history of Chinese aesthetics, ease had it＇s footprints in every dynasty, but these footprints had their carriers and they were contained in these carriers. Some important characters represented their style of ease which made their works and themselves contain the style of ease. As an important category in the history of Chinese aesthetics, ease had its headstream of gestation and bringing, had its process of development and evolution, had its thrive and comedown, had its age of vanishment as well. At the place of its headstream, in the thought of Lao-tzu, especially Chuang-tzu＇s thought represented and developed this style fully. Despite Chuang-tzu, or his sayings and works, or the style of his works, all emitted strong ease. It can say that Chuang-tzu is a person who is filled with ease, and his works are filled with ease as well. This paper mainly discusses the style of Chuang-tzu＇s ease, introduces Lao-tzu＇s thought, which is the h eadstream of Chuang-tzu＇s philosophy, and introduces the ease of himself, his works and the style of his works.