4种漂浮法分离土壤中人蛔虫卵的效果比较

Comparison of four floatation methods for separating human Ascaris lumbricoides eggs from soil

目的比较4种不同漂浮法从土壤中分离人蛔虫卵的效果,从而摸索出一种行之有效的、适用于现场的从土壤中分离人蛔虫卵的方法。方法在不含人蛔虫卵的土壤中按一定比例加入人蛔虫卵(包括受精蛔虫卵和未受精蛔虫卵),分别用4种漂浮法检查,比较检出效果。结果硫酸锌溶液漂浮法、饱和硝酸钠溶液漂浮法、饱和柠檬酸三钠溶液漂浮法及饱和盐水漂浮法的受精蛔虫卵检出率依次为6.89%、26.85%、8.46%和0.21%(F=221.45,P<0.01);总蛔虫卵检出率依次为6.29%、25.49%、7.77%和0.19%(F=223.41,P<0.01)。结论4种漂浮法均能分离出土壤中的人蛔虫卵,以饱和硝酸钠溶液漂浮法的效果最佳,且操作简便,适合大批量土壤样本的人蛔虫卵分离检查。

Objective In order to effectively separate human Ascaris lumbricoides eggs from soil,4 floatation methods were carried out to compare the effectiveness.Methods Different quantities of A.lumbricoides eggs both fertilized and unfertilized were added to clean soil and 4 solutions were used to float the eggs from soil.Results The detective rates of fertile A.lumbricoides eggs separated were 6.89% by the ZnSO4 solution,26.85% by the saturated NaNO3 solution,8.46% by the saturated C6H5Na3O7 solution,and 0.21% by the saturated salt water,respectively（F=221.45,P〈0.01）.The detective rates of total A.lumbricoides eggs were 6.29% by the ZnSO4 solution,25.49% by the saturated NaNO3 solution,7.77% by the saturated C6H5Na3O7 solution,and 0.19% by the saturated salt water,respectively（F=223.41,P〈0.01）.Conclusion A.lumbricoides eggs can be separated from soil by the 4 solutions,among which using saturated NaNO3 solution proved to be the most effective way to carry out in the national surveillance project.