供应商管理库存供应链中牛鞭效应量化分析

Analysis of Bullwhip Effect in VMI Supply Chain

考虑由一个零售商和一个制造商组成的二级供应链,假定零售商的需求是独立均匀分布的,根据制造商收到订货的方差与零售商面对需求方差的比值,求得牛鞭效应量化范围的下界。与传统供应链中的牛鞭效应相比,结果表明供应商管理库存是减弱牛鞭效应的有效策略。

A two-echelon supply chain which consists of a retailer and a manufacturer is considered. Supposing that the retailer＇s demands distributed independently and equably, and according to the ratio deduced by variance of the orders receipted by the manufacturer and the variance of the retailer＇ demands, the lower bound of the quantification scope of the bullwhip effect is solved. As a result, compared with bullwhip effect in the tradition supply chain, vendor managed inventory （VMI） is an effective strategy to restrain bullwhip effect.