日本落叶松×长白落叶松杂种组合间生根性状及幼林生长的遗传变异

Genetic Variation on Rooting Ability of Stem Cutting and Juvenile Growth of Larix kaempferi×L. olgensis Interspecific Hybrids

对辽宁大孤家12个日本落叶松×长白落叶松混合授粉及单系授粉杂交组合及4个相应母本自由授粉家系进行扦插生根变异及其测定林3～5年生长变异的分析,研究父母本对组合间生根和生长性状变异的贡献,并在此基础上选出高生长量及生根力的杂交组合。研究表明:无论是生根性状还是幼林生长性状,日×长杂种组合间均存在着显著遗传变异,父、母本效应明显,组合间具有很大的选择潜力;生根性状间、生长性状间存在着紧密的相关关系,但生根与幼林生长性状之间相关不紧密,可以开展生根与生长性状的独立选择;利用隶属函数法选出了生根最优、生长与生根兼优的杂交组合(或家系),选出的4个生根与生长兼优的家系5年生平均树高、地径和保存率分别比4个母本对照家系的平均值提高24.7%、28.9%和55.6%,而生根性状与其基本一致。

Genetic variation on rooting ability of stem cutting and 3 × 5 years old growth of 12 Larix kaempferi × L. olgensis hybrid families, including poly-crossed and full-sib families, and 4 corresponding open-pollinated female parent families were analysed and contribution of parents on the variation among hybrid families were studied. Result indicated that there were very significant differences in both rooting traits and growth traits among hybrid families, which demonstrated that maternal and paternal effects were obvious and these traits had great potential for hybrid family selection. The phenotypic and genotypic correlations within rooting traits, and within growth traits of families were highly significant, while the correlation between rooting traits and growth traits was insignificant. This results showed that it was highly promising to pick out the right families with better performance in fast growth and high rooting quality. According to the subordinate function values, 4 fast growing and high rooting families were selected, whose mean height, basal diameter and 3-year survival rate after afforestation were higher than the average of 4 open-pollinated families by 24.7 % ,28.9 % and 55.6 % respectively, while the rooting ability remained the same.