银杏雌株种质遗传关系的AFLP分析

AFLP Analysis on Genetic Relationship of Ginkgo biloba Female Germplasms

从64对EcoRI/MseI引物(其中MseI引物为荧光标记物)中筛选出7对扩增产物多态性高、谱带清晰的引物,对来自日本、法国和中国的49个银杏雌株种质的遗传关系进行研究。结果表明:7对引物共产生1219条谱带,132个特异位点(其中缺失带11条、单态带121条),多态带1200条,多态带的比例为98.44%;每对引物鉴别效率为100%。49个雌株种质之间相似系数为0.39～0.83,来自不同国家的雌株遗传变异程度不同。当相似系数为0.51时,供试种质可分为2类,来源地相同的种质并不单独聚成一类,山东大部分雌株种质聚为一类,它们与其他的雌株种质有显著的遗传差异,亲缘关系较远。叶籽银杏不是很原始的种质,而‘海阳’则比较原始。对雌株种质的特异位点、相似系数、聚类结果等的综合分析表明,法国的‘垂枝银杏’、日本的‘黄金丸’、中国的‘盘县1’、‘灵川’、‘安陆’、‘东安1’、‘西山大佛手’、‘荣城’、‘莒县’、‘郯城2’、‘泰安1’、‘泰安2’、‘泰安3’、‘崂山’、‘海阳’、‘灵岩’16个种质是银杏雌株中的重要特异种质。

In this paper, the genetic relationship among 49 female Ginkgo biloba germplasms originating from Japan, France and China was studied using 64 EcoRIIMseI primer combinations （ MseI primer is the fluorescent marker）. Seven primers, that were able to produce high polymorphic and clear bands, were screened, and with them total 1 219 bands and 132 specific loci （including 11 absent bands and 121 monomorphic bands） were produced, of which 1 200 bands were polymorphic, and accounted for 98.44% of the total. The identification percentage of each primer combination was 100%. The similarity coefficient （SC） of these germplasms ranged from 0.39 to 0.83, along with different genetic variations. When SC was set at 0.51, the studied germplasms could be divided into two groups. To be interesting, the some from the same origin were not assigned to the same group. Most female germplasms from Shandong Province were classified into one group, indicating their remarkably genetic distinction and distant relationship from others. Compared with ＇ Yeziyinxing＇ , ＇ Haiyang＇ is more primitive. Based on the comprehensive analysis on female germplasms＇ specific loci, similarity coefficients and cluster results, 16 germplasms, i. e, ＇ Pendula＇ from France, ＇ Huangjinwan＇ from Japan, ＇ Panxian 1 ＇ , ＇ Lingchuan＇ , ＇ Anlu＇ , ＇ Dongan 1＇ , ＇ Xishandafoshou＇ , ＇ Rongcheng＇ , ＇ Juxian＇ , ＇ Tancheng＇ , ＇ Taian 1＇ , ＇ Taian 2＇ , ＇ Taian 3＇ , ＇ Laoshan＇ , ＇ Haiyang＇ and ＇ Lingyan＇ from China, were recognized relatively more important among the 49 female G. biloba germplasms.