客观精神之于写作的重要性——从托尔斯泰《战争与和平》的成书过程谈起

The Importance of the Objective Spirit in Creative Writing——Discussing from the Process of Writing War and Peace

《战争与和平》的主题是一个整体性的主题,它不是关乎生活的某一方面的,而是关于全部生活的。但是关于这一主题的形成不是一蹴而就的,从它成书的过程看,它包括了作者对于生活的一再反复的充满客观精神的认识。不论是在对俄罗斯当时生活和过去历史的描绘上,还是在对其中具体活动着的个人的精神探索方面,这部作品都以一种客观化的手法加以了叙述。这种客观化的、保持了一定审美距离的写作手法对中国作家具有借鉴意义。

The theme of War and Peace is a complete one that contains almost all aspects of life instead of only one aspect. But the theme of War and Peace was not formed in short time. It cost a very long time during which the author understood his materials about Russian history and people＇s life with objectivity again and again. This work shows an apparent objective spirit, whether in the description of present life and history of Russia, or in the displaying of personal spiritual pursuing. This spirit of objectivity keep an aesthetic distance between the subject and world, and it has great use for reference to Chinese writers.