《荆楚岁时记》岁首占候风俗的文献考辨

A textual criticism on the divining customs of New Year days in Jingchusuishiji

今传宝颜堂秘笈本《荆楚岁时记》记有古代岁首诸日特别是人日的年日称谓和占候习俗,对此,学者或以为其反映了失传的七日创世神话,或以为是岁占风俗,但是我们若从文献聚散及其反映的民俗传承历史加以考辨,可知《荆楚岁时记》原本并不具有占候文字,岁占民俗主要在宋代以后发展起来,隋唐以前的岁首诸日也基本是作为年日而存在的。

Many scholars considered that ther were some kinds of divining customs in the beginning days of New Year or genesis myths in Jingchusuishiji which was most famous folklore literature in ancient China writen by Zonglin in Liang Dynasty. In terms of some editions of Jingchusuishiji and transformation of other related literature, however, we could conclude that the divining customs of New Year days especially on the Human Day occurred in the cross of Beisong and Nansong Dynasty which there were almost six centuries far away from the age of Jingchusuishiii had been writen.