礼貌语言的转喻视角

A Metonymic Perspective on Politeness Language

礼貌的语用研究和转喻的认知研究都已在各自的领域取得很高的成就。然而，目前国内外尚无人从转喻认知的视角对礼貌进行诠释。本文摆脱传统的语用视角研究礼貌，转而采用转喻认知理论来探讨礼貌语言。文章认为，转喻的本质就是任何形式的替代．即“以此言彼”．英语的公式是X stands for Y；认知层面的转喻能够表达礼貌，这是转喻新思维和礼貌的特点决定的。遵循这一理念，文章从三个方面，即间接言语行为转喻、委婉语转喻和语法转喻，对礼貌语言进行了分析。

Although great achievements have been made in the pragmatic study of politeness language and in the research of conceptual metonymy, it seems that none has combined politeness language with metonymy both home and abroad. The author turns from pragmatics to metonymy as a cognitive tool and attempts to probe into politeness language. Realizing that the essence of metonymy is just substitution or replacement and that metonymy can effectively express politeness, the author follows this train of thought and provides an analysis of politeness language from the three perspectives of indirect speech act metonymy, euphemism metonymy and grammatical metonymy.