从收入多样性的视角看农户的旱灾恢复力--以内蒙古兴和县为例

Drought resilience in view of income diversity of peasant household:a case study on Xinghe County,Inner Mongolia

农业旱灾是制约我国农业生产的一个重要因素,尤其对于干旱和半干旱地区。兴和县地处内蒙古高原,旱灾的经常发生使当地居民形成了独特的适应策略。通过研究者先后两次的实地调研和问卷访谈,采用农业收入多样性分析方法对农户的旱灾恢复力进行了研究。研究表明,兴和县农户收入来源的多样性程度存在着北部地区低,中、南部地区相对较高的趋势;同时发现气候干旱化使当地居民家庭收入来源萎缩,收入的多样性正在逐渐丧失。同时分析了造成这种现象的原因,以帮助当地农民提高家庭收入的多样性,增强其生活系统应对旱灾的稳定性,从而提升其旱灾恢复力水平。研究结果对其他地区农村系统提升应对自然灾害的恢复能力有借鉴意义。

Drought is an important factor which restricts agricultural production, especially, in arid and semiarid regions of China, such as Xinghe County. Local residents gain amount of experience in adaptation under threat of long time drought. After twice field observation and questionnaire survey, the authors bring forward a method to analyze draught resilience in view of income dirersity of preasant household. The research reveals that Xinghe County has higher income diversity in central and south regions, and lower one in north. Above mentioned result indicates that central and south regions are more strong in resilience than north. Meantime, research finds that local residents income becomes less with aggravation of drought. The authors bring forward some schemes to increase households＇ income, and improve their resilience.