鄱阳湖地区生态环境与气象灾害监测系统

Ecological environment and meteorological disaster monitoring system in Poyang Lake area:design and application of the system

鄱阳湖地区是国家十大生态功能保护区之一和国际重要湿地,在粮食安全、调蓄洪水、调节气候、生物多样性保护以及改善长江中下游的生态环境等方面具有重要作用。受全球气候变化影响,鄱阳湖地区暴雨、洪涝、地质灾害、雷电、风雹、高温、冻害、病虫害等各种气象及相关灾害频发,严重威胁着环鄱阳湖地区的生态环境和城市基础设施安全。运用系统工程原理和方法,对鄱阳湖地区气象卫星、天气雷达、高空探测、地面观测、雷电探测、大气成分与生态监测等多种实时监测技术手段进行了集成,建立了天、空、地基三位一体的立体化综合观测系统。该系统可对环境系统中大气、水、土壤、生物等多种要素和变量进行动态观测,获得生态环境和气象灾害等指标的三维立体监测信息,为当地生态环境影响和气象灾害的预报预警提供科学的观测依据。

The Poyang Lake is one of the ten nation-wide ecological protected areas and an important international wetland, Poyang lake plays the important role of controlling floods, adjusting local climate, decomposing pollutants, protecting biological diversity and improving ecological environment of middle-lower Yangzi River. Influenced by global climate change heavy storms, floods, landslide, thunderbolt, gale, hail, heat waves, freezing, insect disease etc. and related disasters happened frequently, greatly threatened ecological environment and the safety of urban infrastructures around the Poyang Lake. With the viewpoint of systematic engineering principle, this research aims to integrate multi-techniques of meteorological satellite, Doppler radar, upper air and automated surface observing stations, thunder detectors, atmosphere composition monitoring stations, agricultural meteorological stations etc. to establish space-air-surface based observing system with three-dimensional detecting ability. This system could dynamically measure various parameters of atmosphere, water, land, biosphere of the environment, obtain three-dimensional information of ecological environment and disastrous weather, providing scientific supports to impact assessment of local agricultural ecological environment and meteorological disaster forecasting and early-warning.